Introduction to Stock Markets in Pakistan - 807 Words

INTRODUCTION What is Stock Market? A stock market is a public entity which is a loose network of economic transactions, not a physical facility or discrete entity for the trading of company stock and derivatives at an agreed price. The stock market is one of the most important sources for companies to raise money. This allows businesses to be publicly traded, or raise additional financial capital for expansion by selling shares of ownership of the company in a public market. The liquidity that an exchange affords the investors gives them the ability to quickly and easily sell securities. This is an attractive feature of investing in stocks, compared to other less liquid investments such as real estate. The stocks are listed and traded†¦show more content†¦It was housed in a rented building in the crowded area of Bank Square in Lahore. The past seven years have seen Lahore Stock Exchange come to its own. Business has been steadily on the increase. A modern Management Information System (MIS) has been firmly in Place. Clearing House activities are fully computerized, computer ordering has been implemented. Islamabad Stock Exchange: The Islamabad Stock Exchange was incorporated as a guarantee limited company on 25th October, 1989 in Islamabad Capital territory of Pakistan with the main object of setting up of a trading and settlement infrastructure, information system, skilled resources, accessibility and a fair and orderly market place that ranks with the best in the World. The purpose for establishment of the stockShow MoreRelatedEssay Derivatives Users in Pakistan1181 Words   |  5 PagesDERIVATIVES IN PAKISTAN In the year of 2001, the derivative products of equity of Pakistan were started in the Stock Exchange of Karachi. In the start of this launching, a single stock of futures was brought for introduction which was deliverable for just one month. It has almost nine years passed after that but this stock market is not considered as much as developed when it is compared to Indian market. The derivates related to finance, and which were traded in terms of exchange were initiallyRead MoreAnalysis Of The Textile Industry And Company Analysis1175 Words   |  5 PagesINDUSTRY AND COMPANY ANALYSIS MUZZAMAL IRFAN MC130202491 VIRTUAL UNIVERSITY OF PAKISTAN 20 November 2014 â€Æ' SCANNED COPY OF JCLâ€Æ' SECTION Iâ€Æ' CHAPTER 1: 1.1. Introduction of the project Mark Andrew Skousen an American Economist states that, â€Å"The reality is that business and investment spending are the true leading indicators of the economy and the stock market. If you want to know where the stock market is headed, forget about consumer spending and retail sales figures. Look toRead MoreThe Effect Of Internal Factors On Financial Performance Of The Banks1384 Words   |  6 Pagesthe major player that runs the money market and enhances the investment opportunities to help the economy grow in developing and developed countries. As an intermediary the banks takes the money from their consumers and then invest it in different investment opportunities to earn from it and payback the consumer profit over it. In the developing countries not only local banks operates but also the multinational banks run their operations to capture the market. Multinational banks are more attractiveRead MoreGold Price Is A Good Indicator Essay911 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Gold has been controversial in recent years due to the sharp increase in gold price. Global Economic Crisis in the year 2008 brought about uncertainty in the global economy. Jewelry, healthcare, and industrial applications involve the use of gold. Investment in gold by governments, institutions, private persons and households is another use of gold. Gold became insurance in economic uncertainty. In uncertain and fragile macroeconomic conditions, we can get protection from inflationRead MorePakistans Economic Performance oer the Last 20 Years1276 Words   |  5 PagesPakistan’s economic performance over the last 20 years Introduction PAKISTAN’S RECENT HISTORY In the last 20 years, Pakistan has oscillated between 3 personalities – Benazir Bhutto, Nawaz Sharif, and Gen. (retd.) Pervez Musharraf. The current President, Asif Zardari, it can be argued, is in power mainly because he was the husband of the late Benazir Bhutto, although he has come into his own over the last two years. Benazir and Sharif were both Prime Minister for two terms each, with each ending theRead MoreFirm Aggressiveness And Respective Performance Empirical Study Under Pakistan Essay1501 Words   |  7 PagesCFCBE, CECOS University, Peshawar Pakistan bluechip1122@gmail.com Abstract Finance manager aggressiveness regarding designing capital structure (especially working capital) which yields optimum return is a debatable matter from last 50 years. The phenomenon is still vague especially in Pakistan because of the information asymmetry and failure of perfect market hypothesis. The study investigates capital structure of all non financial listed firms on Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) for the period ofRead MoreCresent1247 Words   |  5 Pagesbank assets, un-authorized massivefunding of group companies, unlawful investments in real estate and stock market, etc. the SECPtook legal action against the companies officers, although much of the actions taken werecriticized as insufficient. Summary The Crescent Standard Investment Bank Limited (CSIBL) was the greatest investment bank reported on all the stock marketplaces in Pakistan when it declared a massive insufficient Rs 2.1 billion (US$35.5 million) for your year December 31 2005Read MoreMonetary Policy in Pakistan1045 Words   |  5 PagesMonetary policy in Pakistan | By Dr. M. Hanif Akhtar,   Department of Commerce,   B. Z. University, Multan   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aug 28 - Sep 03, 2000Monetary policy in Pakistan has been used in co-ordination with the fiscal policy to achieve both the objectives of macro-economic stability and higher economic growth. The government supervises monetary situation of economy through the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP). This article attempts to present an overviewRead MoreSupply Chain And Logistics Management1295 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction What is supply chain and logistics? Supply chain management involves various activities from acquisition of raw material to distribution of final goods while logistics involves only transportation of goods. Supply chain plays integral role in business process without effective supply chain management an organization cannot meet its demands on time. So it plays crucial role in business activities. Following activities are involved in supply chain management 1. Procurement 2. ProductionRead MoreImc Advantages1679 Words   |  7 PagesPotential Benefits of ICM Development on Market Segments SharÄ «`ah-compliant Equities Development of the Islamic equity market typically involves having in place a SharÄ «`ah stock-screening process which facilitates the identification of SharÄ «`ahcompliant stocks and therefore attracts wider participation from investors that seek SharÄ «`ah-compliant products. At the same time, it can facilitate the construction of Islamic equity indices. SharÄ «`ah-compliant equities may also appeal to the global socially

Pop Queen Rihann An Overview - 1405 Words

With the ascent of â€Å"work† by Barbadian pop queen Rihanna was able to collect 14th song to take the number one spot on Billboard’s Top 100 list, breaking her tie with Michael Jackson for the third-most number one singles (Thomas). Through countless successes as a solo female artist, she holds 8.5 billion views on YouTube and had sold over 215 million digital tracks worldwide (Roc Nation). Before releasing the album title ‘Anti† under the Westbury Road Entertainment (Owned by Rihanna) and Roc Nation Record, the leading single â€Å"Work† was released on streaming service provided by Tidal on January 27, 2016. According to Nielsen Music, Work had sold over 126,000 downloads and the eighth studio â€Å"Anti† album generated 4.7 million streams (Caulfield, Gary). To a new listener, Rihanna’s â€Å"Work† full of slangs with offbeat and repeats the lyrics simultaneously (Billboard). Some criticized that she spoke gibberish but Rihan na’s â€Å"work† vocal quality is known to be a unique with a distinctive tone. It’s a chilled song that makes you want to be in tropical, soaked with touches of the Caribbean flow. One of the remarkable facts is that the song Work is a dance hall/ reggae pop genre originating from Jamaica. (Billboard) The lyrics were written by Jahron Braithwaite (PartyNextDoor) a Jamaican native, Rihanna and Drake. It was also produced by a Jamaican Canadian named known as Matthew Samuels (Boi-1da), Allen Ritter and Sevn Thomas. Allowing her to be a widely_____. Inspired and sampled by

The Soundtrack of Your Life Free Essays

Music is a key factor in my life, now and has been for as long as I remember. Music is one thing that can control my mood and emotions unlike any other. The sounds and melodies of the composition have the potential to sway my moods from a dark gloomy state all the way to a joyous and soothing harmonic atmosphere. We will write a custom essay sample on The Soundtrack of Your Life or any similar topic only for you Order Now Music allows me to control how and what I want to be, or represent. Music is almost like picking out a favorite outfit. When one picks out an outfit to wear they most likely pick an outfit that expresses them and how they are feeling at that direct moment. They have the ability to change shoes, accessories, or their hairstyle to make it appealing to their particular desires, just as one has the will to change a song on their ipod, or flip the channel on a local radio station. Recently, my life has been undergoing many changes. I am now starting to apply myself in a way that allows me to develop my potential and show forth the results as an outcome of the pursuance of fulfilling my aspirations. More than ever now I am starting to realize that â€Å"you get out of life what you put in†. Life is dependent only on â€Å"what you bring to the table†. If one tends to put in minimal effort then one should not expect to experience a great aftermath. I have chosen three songs that apply to my life right now in the stance that I am currently in. Its ironic that all of these songs are from different genres, songwriters, and generations but, they somehow tie into my life perfectly. The main theme of the â€Å"soundtrack of my life† is â€Å"overcoming obstacles and changing that are essential to the growth and the perseverance of an individual†. Natasha Bedingfield’s song â€Å"Unwritten† has made quite an impact on me. When I first heard the song all I could really say is â€Å"wow†. This song made me feel empowered in a sense and I felt inspired to go out, make a difference and do something great. She explains how the world is offered to you and that it’s up to you to decide not only your fate but your destiny and how your life will end up. She states â€Å"I am unwritten, can’t read my mind, I’m undefined, I’m just beginning, the pen’s in my hand, ending unplanned†. By reading these lyrics and interpreting them more as a poem I realized the true and pure essence of this lyrical stanza. I believe the message of this is to convey that although we’re taught certain things as simple as proper etiquette and how to act, that doesn’t define us. It’s almost as if the writer is referring to herself as anonymous, as if she doesn’t really know herself but, in the process is trying to reveal and create herself transforming from a nonentity into a being with an individual personality, demeanor, and identity whether she knows where she’ll end up or not. This line can apply hugely to my life. I am 17 now and as a child we were all conditioned and taught to behave in a certain manner. Now that I am older I feel as if I can speak for myself and in a sense â€Å"reincarnate or change† myself into what I want to be instead of what my parents have taught me. I think that being a child one doesn’t always really know who they are other than what they are told that they are. I still don’t know exactly who and what I am but, being in this position I feel as if I can create a new identity with myself without having to know exactly where and how I will end up. This songs main message was not only that â€Å"you are who you say you are to be† but also that â€Å"perseverance is a choice that we all have to take advantage of to prosper on our own terms. Miley Cyrus’ song â€Å"The Climb† is a basic analogy of my life as a whole. She states that through life anything worth having is going to take some struggle and hard work if its something that one truly wants to be successful at or accomplish. Though, her lines in her song are very simple they are simple enough in nature to strike with a hard meaning. Miley states â€Å"the struggles I’m facing, the chance I’m taking, sometimes might knock me down, but no, I’m not breaking. † These effortless lines may seem juvenile but are very mature and take a leading stance in my life. I am transitioning from the mind of a child into an adult. I might not necessarily make the right decisions all the times or the best moves but, I never give up on my ending goal, which is to be just a more wholesome and better person. I realize that â€Å"there’s always gonna be another mountain, I’m always gonna wanna make it move, always gonna be an uphill battle, sometimes I’m gonna have to lose, ain’t about how fast I get there, ain’t about what’s waiting on the other side, it’s the climb. Miley Cyrus has never stated my life in general in a better way. This song can be considered the epitome of how I live and the thesis for this paper alone. Finally, I would like to introduce the classic song off of the movie â€Å"Space Jam† that has respectively impacted my life. This song simply is real and to me defies the essential steps in creating growth in myself. This song teaches that one must be able to see and visualize themselves in an instance in order to â€Å"touch the sky† or in other words overcome an obstacle that would once never be thought of or made possible. This song is none other than the 1996 billboard topping hit of â€Å"I Believe I can Fly† by R. Kelly. Kelly sings confidently â€Å"see I was on the verge of breaking down, sometimes silence can seem so loud, there are miracles in life I must achieve, but first I know it starts inside of me, oh, if I can see it, then I can be it. † Through my conquest of life I have had times where faith has been broken and when all seems to fail my life has just spiraled out of control. This song is like a â€Å"pick me up, and booster† to reassure that in the end all will be well if you just let go and believe wholeheartedly that things will work out for you. This also means that staying positive is key to a change that you are wanting to see in yourself but, essentially you have to be proactive and press on to change and develop yourself into the idol that you have created in you mind for yourself. In the end the soundtracks of my life are austerely defined as â€Å"overcoming obstacles and changing essentially to the growth and the perseverance of an individual†. If anything I think that I am drawn to these songs because of the messages that they bring. It’s not the catchy beats, the talented artist, the flashy music videos, or the encoded messages that draw my attention forth but rather what the song has to offer to me in such a plain way. In considering things as far as the music that I listen to I am very eclectic. If the track can provide me with insight, motivation, or reality of life then I most likely will be listening to it. It’s not so much of what we are listening to but, more so why we are listening and engaging in an artistic piece of music. How to cite The Soundtrack of Your Life, Papers

Police B Essay Example For Students

Police B Essay summer night in 1995 in New York City, teenager Rance Scully and three of his friends were walking home from a party when they noticed a police car following them. The four teenagers were doing nothing wrong, so Scully convinced his friends that they should turn around and go talk with the officers. When they headed for the patrol car, the officers suddenly blinded them with a police light and ordered them to stop and spread their legs. Three cops jumped out of the car with guns drawn and surrounded the frightened teens. After aggressively interrogating and searching Scully and his friends, the police released them. In New York City, police arrested two teenage boys and a young woman who repeatedly raped and tortured a thirteenyear- old girl, and then hung her up in a closet; fortunately, the girl escaped. A five-year-old in Chicago was not so lucky. Two boys?one twelve, the other thirteen?were arrested and convicted of dropping him out of a fourteenth-story window, killing him. Teen s and young adults are increasingly involved in encounters with police. The frightening ordeal experienced by Scully and his friends can cause many young people to fear law enforcement, yet police contend that they need to monitor teens more closely due to the brutal nature of some crimes committed by teens. Teen-police conflicts are escalating as teen crime rates rise. According to the Heritage Foundation, teenagers are responsible for most of the violent crimes in the United States. In response to the high incidence of teen crime, police often increase their presence where crime occurs. For example, New York City mayor Rudolph Giuliani ordered the New York City Police Department to control security at the city?s schools after several shootings by teens occurred on school grounds. Another example of stronger police presence can be seen in the creation of gang-control units that patrol the streets on a regular basis. Since up to 90 percent of gang members are juveniles, run-ins betw een police in gang-control units and teens are increasingly common. Many teenagers argue, however, that they are being unfairly harassed and brutalized by law enforcement just because some teens commit violent crimes. Alex Stephen, sixteen, of New York City, said her cousin was beaten by police officers in 1989. Nagib Nabi, seventeen, claims that New York City police stopped and frisked him even though he had not done anything wrong. ?They tried to intimidate me by calling me ?sp-c? and other insulting names,? he contends. ?And they threw me on the wall, and as I turned around they hit me with the baton on the back of my head.? Gia Minetta, another teen from New York City, claims that during a police sweep, officers ?grabbed my arm, twisted it behind me . . . and threw me up against the police van.? According to Minetta, she and her friends had done nothing to provoke the brutal treatment by police. Statistics show that police are focusing more on teens and juvenile crime. Kim Nauer , a writer for City Limits, reports that in New York City juvenile arrests jumped almost 30 percent in the first year under Mayor Giuliani. In 1984, she claims, ?police arrested 98,413 children and teenagers on everything from loitering to murder.? Almost half of those arrests were for ?non-fingerprintable offenses,? meaning minor crimes like public drinking or disorderly conduct. Community activists who want to protect teens from police harassment protest the extent of those arrests. Joyce Hall, executive director of the Greater Brownsville Youth Council in New York City, claims that the arrests create a ?cycle? in which teens who feel that they are treated disrespectfully by police ?lash back, getting themselves into even deeper trouble with the law.? But police see the teen crime situation very differently. More than one-third of all murders are committed by offenders under the age of twenty-one, guns are used in juvenile crimes at almost twice the rate they were in 1984, and tee n drug and alcohol use?factors that contribute to juvenile crime?are on the rise. In 1995, nearly 11 percent of juveniles admitted to using illicit drugs; in the period between 1995 and 1996, 31 percent of twelfth-graders admitted to consuming alcohol to get drunk. These statistics raise legitimate concerns about teen criminality, police assert; therefore, they maintain that they are justified in closely watching teens for trouble in order to reduce crime. New York City police commissioner William Bratton argues that arresting teens for minor crimes such as subway turnstile?jumping will prevent more serious crimes because weapons and drugs are often found on these youths; confiscating the drugs and weapons can prevent teens from using them and committing future crimes. Police officers, like teens, also feel that they are stereotyped and misunderstood. Officer Beverly Riggins from the New York City Police Department argues that ?teens have negative ideas based on television programs ; our jobs are nowhere near what television portrays.? Retired police lieutenant Arthur Doyle asserts that teens develop stereotypes about police just as police do about teens. If a young man sees a friend harassed by an abusive cop, for example, he will tend to view all police officers as abusive. In many ways, police-teen conflicts mirror the conflicts any civilian might have with police. Adults, like teens, sometimes claim that police harass them and discriminate against them. Police respond to these charges with statistics about crime rates and explanations about the dangerous nature of police work. The issue of discrimination is central to the debate surrounding rutality. The contributors to Police Brutality: Opposing Viewpoints address this and other questions surrounding police brutality in the following chapters: Is Misconduct by Law Enforcement a Serious Problem? What Factors Cause Police Brutality? Do Modern Police Methods Cause Police Misconduct? Who Should Police the Pol ice? When examining the viewpoints in this book, it becomes clear that the relationship between police and those they serve is an important issue in discussions about police brutality. .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5 , .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5 .postImageUrl , .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5 , .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5:hover , .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5:visited , .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5:active { border:0!important; } .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5:active , .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5 .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u9df058d369b6b9423d5815fa1f1638d5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: jewish Essay

Nick Carraway Is a Trustworthy Narrator free essay sample

Nick is a young man from Minnesota who, after being educated at Yale and fighting in World War I, goes to New York City to learn the bond business. We will write a custom essay sample on Nick Carraway Is a Trustworthy Narrator or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Honest, tolerant, and inclined to reserve judgment, Nick often serves as a confidant for those with troubling secrets. After moving to West Egg, a fictional area of Long Island that is home to the newly rich, Nick quicklymakes friends with his next-door neighbor, the mysterious Jay Gatsby. As Daisy Buchanan’s cousin, he facilitates the rekindling of the romance between her and Gatsby. The Great Gatsby is told entirely through Nick’s eyes; his thoughts and perceptions shape and color the story. If Gatsby represents one part of Fitzgerald’s personality, the flashy celebrity who pursued and glorified wealth in order to impress the woman he loved, then Nick represents another part: the quiet, reflective Midwesterner adrift in the lurid East. A young man (he turns thirty during the course of the novel) from Minnesota, Nick travels to New York in 1922 to learn the bond business. He lives in the West Egg district of Long Island, next door to Gatsby. Nick is also Daisy’s cousin, which enables him to observe and assist the resurgent love affair between Daisy and Gatsby. As a result of his relationship to these two characters, Nick is the perfect choice to narrate the novel, which functions as a personal memoir of his experiences with Gatsby in the summer of 1922. Nick is also well suited to narrating The Great Gatsby because of his temperament. As he tells the reader in Chapter I, he is tolerant, open-minded, quiet, and a good listener, and, as a result, others tend to talk to him and tell him their secrets. Gatsby, in particular, comes to trust him and treat him as a confidant. Nick generally assumes a secondary role throughout the novel, preferring to describe and comment on events rather than dominate the action. Often, however, he functions as Fitzgerald’s voice, as in his extended meditation on time and the American dream at the end of Chapter IX. Insofar as Nick plays a role inside the narrative, he evidences a strongly mixed reaction to life on the East Coast, one that creates a powerful internal conflict that he does not resolve until the end of the book. On the one hand, Nick is attracted to the fast-paced, fun-driven lifestyle of New York. On the other hand, he finds that lifestyle grotesque and damaging. This inner conflict is symbolized throughout the book by Nick’s romantic affair with Jordan Baker. He is attracted to her vivacity and her sophistication just as he is repelled by her dishonesty and her lack of consideration for other people. Nick states that there is a â€Å"quality of distortion† to life in New York, and this lifestyle makes him lose his balance especially early in the novel, as when he gets drunk at Gatsby’s party in Chapter II. After witnessing the unraveling of Gatsby’s dream and presiding over the appalling spectacle of Gatsby’s funeral, Nick realizes that the fast life of revelry on the East Coast is a cover for the terrifying moral emptiness that the valley of ashes symbolizes. Having gained the maturity that this insight demonstrates, he returns to Minnesota in search of a quieter life structured by more traditional moral values. Fitzgerald used Nick as the narrator because he wants the readers to see how Nick thinks but also get the readers own opinions. Nick is a filtered narrator meaning what Nick says may or may not be the real truth. That is the whole reason behind it. Fitzgerald makes the reader think about that. He makes his main character a second hand person in the story, a by-stander. If the main character was the Great Gatsby we would think of him differently. We can say that Nick as a narrator is as reliable as a human can be. But this is the theme of the tale- Observing. Watching as people are eaten alive by desire and envy and heartache. On the cover are two eyes watching over the city The advertisement of T. J. Eckleburg. This corresponds with Nicks roleas a witness to these events. I think we must assume he is a reliable narrator.

The Optimal Kitchen Countertop Height

The Optimal Kitchen Countertop Height Like other common installation standards, it is not building codes that set the height of kitchen countertops, but rather a set of common and established design standards set by the industry over a long period. These design standards are established by studies determining the most comfortable and practical dimensions for average residents for all the various elements of home construction. Most of the industry follows these standards, meaning that stock cabinets, countertops, windows, doors, and other elements will follow the dimensions set forth by these standards.   Kitchen Countertop Standards For countertops, the established standard is for the top of the countertop to fall about 36 inches above the floor. So widely accepted is this standard is that base cabinet manufacturers  build all their cabinets to a height of 34 1/2 inches, assuming the countertop thickness will be 1 1/2 inches.   This has been shown to be the best ergonomic height for a kitchen countertop. It may not be the best for a specific task, but it is the best overall compromise for the majority of tasks done in the kitchen for a user of average height. For most people, a kitchen countertop height of 3 feet provides a comfortable workstation. Be aware, though, that these design standards are aimed at making things comfortable for average people, who are 5 feet 3 inches to 5 feet 8 inches in height. If you are much shorter or much taller, the design standards might not be ideal for you.  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ Varying Countertop Height   As with any feature of your home, countertop height can be varied to meet your situation. A family of 6-footers may find 36 inches so low that they have to stoop uncomfortably while preparing food, while a family with members less than 5 feet in height might also find the standard countertop height to be uncomfortable. It can be difficult and expensive to make these alterations, though, since stock base cabinets will need to be altered, or custom cabinets will need to be built from scratch, in order to change the countertop heights. Moreover, you should be careful about dramatic variations to construction standards, as the potential future buyers of your home may not appreciate them.  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹ Countertops for Those With Disabilities Users with physical disabilities, such as those confined to wheelchairs, may find both stock base cabinets and countertop height standards to be impractical. In kitchens designed for accessibility, at least some portion of the base cabinets is left open so that users can roll wheelchairs beneath the countertop while preparing food. The countertops themselves are often lowered to a height of 28 to 34 inches or even lower. If only a section of countertop is customized for wheelchair users, make sure the open space is at least 36 inches wide.   While these custom changes may, of course, have an impact on the future sale of the house, they are a small price to pay to make a home convenient and comfortable for disabled residents. In todays marketplace, you may even find that an accessible kitchen is actually a desirable selling point to future buyers.

Emerging risks from climate change Research Proposal

Emerging risks from climate change - Research Proposal Example The key characteristics of climate change are the following ones: ‘uncertainty, complexity and potential for dangerous consequences’ (Jubb, 2010, p.1). In a report published by the Parliament, House of Commons (Britain) it is noted that ‘the timescales of climate change is long and its extent is uncertain’ (Yeo, 2010, p. 110). In practice, it seems that high-emitting countries are likely to face more challenges when trying to control the effects of climate change – Saudi Arabia belongs in this category (Harman 2011). At the same time, not all countries worldwide are adequately prepared for handling emergencies related to climate change; in a relevant report of Ernst & Young it is noted that Saudi Arabia has not, yet, established rules governing the reduction of gas across the country (Ernst & Young 2009). Moreover, Saudi Arabia is among the countries that have not yet ratified the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (The Canadian Pre ss, 2011).

Organisational Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Organisational Behavior - Essay Example The second point of view of the organizational study is the macro study of the organization where the study is aimed at taking a general point of view of the whole organization. Macro point of view is also especially interested in how different organizations survive in changing conditions and how they learn to adapt to these changes, it focuses specially on the systems and people that help the company make a transition from this stage to the next one. Organizational studies can play a really important role in the development of an organization because it has all the ingredients that would give the employers the power to mould their workers in to a work force which is an ideal one for them and for this very reason it has been criticized by many because it is viewed as a tool by which employers control their workers in fact the case is totally different because organizational studies are designed to benefit the employees as well as the company that they work for. Organizational studies being a form of social science the over riding goal is to achieve a level where the employee can control the environment around him and should also be able to predict what is going to happen next due to the decisions being taken within the firm or the company. Since this paper aims to tackle both the macro and the micro side of the field of organizational study, macro should be dealt with first. Culture Culture is one of the most under rated portion of any company but the companies that have reached the top or those that are considered the most successful ones have never neglected this side of their corporate environment because it is in fact one of the most important things in the corporate sector. This is so because the culture defines how the employees of a firm behave and this behavior is what is important to the field of organizational behavior because people shape up an organization and their behavior shapes up the behavior or the direction of the company. The criteria for judging employees behavior or the culture of the organization is basically to check and see whether the policies that have been drafted are implemented or not and if they are with what regularity and what level of strictness is followed. The policies should be applicable to every one because if it does not then there would be clear cut discrimination and this would be the first fault line that would bring th e company down. The role of policies is to determine, to give direction to the employees of the company so that they may be able to ascertain certain things and these policies should be for every one, they should be implemented at all levels and no discrimination should be done on the basis of seniority, sex, cast or religion. This promotes healthy learning environments and people that are much friendlier and like each others company because they are being treated equally by the company and this promotes healthy working environment which is very important if a company or an organization has to grow and grow continuously and exponentially in every sense of the word growth. If such an environment is produced in the organization there would be automatic transfer of responsibility on every one to a certain degree, the role of the HR

Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 10

Questions - Essay Example Economics on the other hand views sustainability in relation to value because Economics fundamentally examines the relationships between ends and scarce means. Hence, the scope of Economics covers the ability to maintain a financial worth of the products and services over a period of time when they are demanded and needed by constituents of the society and the community. This has to do with elements and aspects of behavioural matters and behavioural techniques that are used by the various constituents as a means of examining and evaluating various variables to identify the way people seek to maximise their ends in relation to the resources available at every point in time. Hence, the position taken by Economics is one that utilises aspects of the rational human being and how s/he seeks to maximise returns of a given stock of resources as opposed to the natural science approach which uses scientific methods to estimate the stock of natural resources without the inclusion of human sent iments and human expectations. Neoclassical Economics is about the use of various aspects of rationality to attain maximum returns from a given level of resources. Thus, the neo-classical Economists argue that the rational consumer must seek to attain the most from a given level of inputs whilst the rational producer also produces the highest volume of products with a given volume of stocks. Thus, in viewing this, neo-classical Economics are meant to provide a framework within which people will gain the most from what they utilise or seek to use. Thus, the two concepts and the two ideas are synthesised to suggest that neo-classical economics seeks to support a position where the society work to attain the most from the environment. Social and Ecological complexity on the other hand asserts that there must be some degree of sensitivity to the consumption of natural resources and in utilising aspects of the natural environment. Hence, the consumer will have to ensure that he

What Is Syariah Law By Meaning Philosophy Essay

What Is Syariah Law By Meaning Philosophy Essay The term Sharia itself derives from the verb sharaa, which according to Abdul Mannan Omars Dictionary of the Holy Quran connects to the idea of spiritual law and system ofdivine law; way of belief and practice (45:18) in the Quran. Definition of Sharia law. Sharia (Arabic: Ø ©ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¹Ãƒâ„¢Ã…  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ±ÃƒËœÃ‚ ´ ; also SharÄ «ah, Sharia, Shariahor Syariah) is the Arabic word for Islamic law, also known as the Law of Allah. The word sharia mean the right path, refers to traditional Islamic law. The Sharia comes from the Koran, the sacred book of Islam, which Muslims consider  the actual word of God.  The Sharia also stems from the Prophet Muhammads teachings and interpretations of those teachings by certain Muslim legal scholars. Muslims believe that Allah (God) revealed his true will to Muhammad, who then passed on Allahs commands to humans in the Koran. Islam classically draws no distinction between religious, and secular life. Hence Sharia covers not only religious rituals, but many aspects ofday-to-day life, politics, economics, banking, business or contract law, social issues and legal rules, is more than legal system, strictly speaking. Islam is al-deen which is the way of life. Sources of sharia law. Basically the primary sources of sharia law are the Quran, Hadiths or Sunnah which is the sayings, practices, and teachings of the Prophet Mohammed. The secondary sources are ijma, qiyas, ijtihad and istihsan. School of Sharia law No. Schools of sharia law Explanation 1. Hanbali Most conservative school of Shari`a. Used in Saudia Arabia . 2. Maliki Based on the practices of the people of Medina during Muhammads lifetime. 3. Shafii Emphasizes on opinions, companions of the Prophet Muhammad 4. Hanifi Most liberal school, relatively open to some limited modern ideas. WHAT IS HUDUD LAW BY MEANING? Etymology. It means limits, or forbidden and also as  definition. The root word is derived from the Arabic hadd. Literally hudud  (Arabic, also transliterated  hadud,  hudood; singular  hadd,  ÃƒËœÃ‚ ­ÃƒËœÃ‚ ¯, literal meaning limit, or restriction) is the word often used in  Islamic  literature for the bounds of acceptable behaviour and the punishments for serious crimes. Definition of hudud. In Islamic law or  Sharia, hudud usually refers to the class of punishments that are fixed for certain crimes that are considered to be claims of God. They include theft, fornication and adultery (zina), consumption of alcohol or other intoxicants (khamr), and apostasy. According to Islamic dictionary hudu law is define as muslim law: divine punishments; the category of crimes most egregious and therefore most severely punished. Sharia is an Arabic word meaning the right path. Crimes in Islam Crimes under Islamic Law can be broken down into 3 major categories. Each will be discussed in greater detail with some common law analogies. The three major crime categories in Islamic Law are: Hadd Crimes [plural Hudud] (most serious), Tazir Crimes (least serious), Qisas Crimes (revenge crimes restitution). Hudud crimes. Hadd crimes are those which are punishable by a pre-established punishment found in the Quran. These most serious of all crimes are found by an exact reference in the Quran to a specific act and a specific punishment for that act. There is no reducing the punishment for a Hadd crime. Hadd crimes have no minimum or maximum punishments attached to them. The punishment system is comparable to the determinate sentence imposed by some judges in the United States. If you commit a crime, you know what your punishment will be. No judge can change or reduce the punishment for these serious crimes. The Hadd crimes are: Murder, Apostasy from Islam (Making war upon Allah and His messengers), Theft, Adultery, Defamation (False accusation of adultery or fornication), Robbery, Alcohol-drinking (any intoxicants) The first four Hadd crimes have a specific punishment in the Quran. The last three crimes are mentioned but no specific punishment is found. Thus the last three crimes, the punishment falls into taazir crimes which the punishment is declared by the government. Punishments under hudud law. Hudud  punishments are the severe  penalities prescribed by  sharia  for offenses defined as being against God himself. The punishments for these crimes are seen as divinely ordained and cannot be changed by humans. Methods of Execution HOW SYARIAH AND HUDUD LAW APPLIED IN MALAYSIA? According to Islam, a state which use holy quran and prophets tradition as its state constitution and the law that govern the people is an Islamic law is an Islamic state. The rulers also must be elected from muslim members in their community. Article 3 of the Federal Constitution stated that Islam is the religion of the Federation. But as such stated in Article 11 of the Federal Constitution is that every person have the right to profess and practice their own religion and subject to Clause 4, to propagate it. Article 3 merely declares that Islam is the official religion of the federation. It does not declare as does Constitution of Pakistan that the federation is an Islamic state. In Malaysia, although sharia law is applicable to all Muslim, but it only deals with family law and the division of property. Not all chambers of sharia law is applied in Malaysia. Basically for crime, the punishment is laid down in Penal Code. Recently, the government of Kelantan express their intention to impose hudud law in Malaysia while the other opposition side refuse to, especially DAP which their members all are non-muslim and Parti Keadilan Rakyat. Taking into consideration how you wanted to govern the people which are not muslim and didnt have faith in it, to follow its rules? As rational human beings, naturally we understand that in life there is such a thing as limits to whatever we can do or experience in all that takes place upon ourselves or others for the matter. No matter what particular matter or issue that we want to dwell upon or commit, we know that the law of nature always prevails over us or any circumstances. How much can we eat? How much can we drink? How much can we carry? How fast can we go? How long do we want to live? There are just so many things that we can keep asking each and everyone of you reading this and almost always you will agree with me that there is only a certain amount of things or eventualities that can take place. History is the best teacher of us all where it concerns matters that mankind are so desperately after? Power, strength, youth, beauty, libido, masculinity, femininity, authority, wealth, all the spoils of this earthly life that one can imagine and crave for? Reflect back to our coming into being. From a embryo after being conceived by our mother as a result of the physical union of our parents, we develop from stage to stage and eventually become a fully formed human baby in our mothers womb and at the appropriate time and moment decided by Allah the Almighty, we are born and delivered into this earthly realm. If we had stayed any longer in our mothers womb, there might be a danger both to our mother and to us as an infant ready to come out into this world. There is a certain limit to pregnancy. Thats a form of hadd or limit. Coming back to the main gist of this posting, we now have to understand what the Hudud in Islam means? As stated above, the ulama of Fiqh define hudud to be a Code of Punishments to be implemented by the authorities in an Islamic nation upon criminal acts carried out by the offenders who are proven without a doubt to be guilty of such crimes and upon conviction be punished as decreed by the Almighty. It is tosaid that if hudud law will be enacted in Malaysia, some of the execution must be recheck and change to suit the society now. As such, there is no provision for any punishments decreed by Allah SWT to be reduced, added on or altered by Mankind. The Hudud is Allahs Rights upon us Mankind. Criminal punishments upon those found to be guilty according to the Hudud Laws can not be dropped against the criminal or criminals by any individual or society as a whole. The Hudud Laws are meant to be a safeguard from the Almighty to protect human society from all forms of crime and to preserve peace, social orderliness and to ensure the safety of the general public. Any form of wrongdoing committed by any individual or group is to be judged according to what has been laid down in the Supreme Constitution of Allah SWT in the form of the Holy Al Quran Al Karim and as per the Hadiths of His Greatest and Final Messenger to all Mankind, the Blessed Prophet Muhammad S.W.T. Part A ( Chart Research ) SUGGESTION TO IMPLEMENT THESE LAWS ONTO NON-MUSLIMS. There is suggestion to implement these laws onto non-muslims, but, question arise whether this is workable? Our group had divided into three categories during our research and analysis on this suggestion where we suggested to divide the opinion to the basic of 3 findings, which consist most general(society Malaysia), less general(MMU student), and specific(lecturer and legal expertise). First category is on the views given by society in Malaysia. CHART 1 : MALAYSIAN CITIZENS VOTES ( Based on Poll Opinion on Internet ) The second category is according to the societies votes in Malaysia included those non-Malaysians who lived in Malaysia. Chart 2 : MMU Votes According the chart above, which derived from the poll, survey and interviews that made by our group. There were 30% of Muslims in Malaysia totally disagreed to implement these laws in Malaysia, and, 10% of them agreed to implement it in Malaysia, 2% of them were neutral positions. While, for the votes given by non-Muslims in Malaysia, there were 35% disagreed and none of them vote for agree or neutral. On the other hand, Muslims but not citizens of Malaysian gave 5% agreed and 5% disagreed towards the suggestion but none of them give votes for neutral. Lastly, the non-Muslims for those who are not the citizens of Malaysia, totally disagreed by giving 15% of the votes. It can be conclude that 85% of the Malaysian citizens totally disagreed on the suggestion to implement these laws onto non-Muslims. Some of them said that there will be no equality and justice to those who has no beliefs in the religions. Not only that, there is also some sayings that the law is too excessive and strict to adapt in current society. There will be difficulties and challenges that government and society will face if they impose the law. LECTURER`S VIEW CHART 1 : Lecturer view`s and opinion`s In this chart, we can see that among 9 lecturers that had been interviewed, there were 5 lecturers that totally disagreed of the suggestion to implement these laws onto non-Muslims. One of them is Miss Nur Fazini Asro Binti Ramizi Sulaiman, which in her opinion, she said that As for me, the suggestion to implement hudud law to non -Muslims is unreasonable. This is because if it is to be look upon the legal perspectives itself, the Syariah law only has the jurisdiction within the matter of MUSLIMS only. The interpretation in the statute itself has define, who are to be governed within this kind of law. For an example, a non-Muslim cannot become a syariee law, only a Muslim can be a syariee law, same goes to the syariah law (implementation only to Muslim). Thus it may be seem to complicated if arguments, suggesting hudud law are to be implement to non-Muslims. Not only that, Dr. Mohamed Ishak Bin Abdul Hamid also stated in his opinion that Hudud law ,is created only to govern the one who are professing the religion of Islam, and as for non-Muslims , it shall be unfair for them, for hudud law to be impose on them , due to their lack of knowledge, pertaining on Hudud law. On the other hand, the other 4 lecturers were in neutral opinions. Neither agreed nor disagreed. According to Sir Gary Ng Kit Min, If it to be look upon to in this matter, it may be divided into 2 aspect which is, in religion perspectives and the legal system perspectives. If in religion perspectives, the syariah law, should be apply to muslim only, not to non-muslim ,but if in legal perspectives, if the parliament passed a law, that which provides that the syariah law shall be the supremacy law in the country, thus the citizens (Muslim and non) cannot do anything except to accept it as the law of the country. As for Sir Jeong CP, have a different view pertaining on this matter, the religion is not wrong, if the question to be arose, such issues. Every religion have its own way in culturing of the individual who professing the religion itself, It its to be look in more liberal way, the religion is never wrong, it is one who are professing the religion are to be blamed for not giving the detail reason for his or her act. For an example, if it`s to be look in one principle of a car and a driver, the driver drive a car later caught into accident, who`s to be blame? The car or the driver.? The car is never to be blamed, as it had given, its fullest performance, well as for the driver? it may be the driver fault, maybe he was negligence when driving the car . Same goes to the religion, if there`s any defect, mischief or any mistake occurs to the society due to action done by an individual who professing such religion, it for them ( the individual ) to be blamed, as he or she has been negligence. The Al-Quran had put such many various way, to protect the maslahah (life in word and hereafter ) of individual, and any action done by an individual must have the sebabasbab ( reason ) .The society have been much liberal nowdays, any action done, must come with justifications and reason. Then the society may somehow be much open minded to receive any law to govern them, to develop a better society. Part B ( Articles and Newspaper Reviews ) ARTICLES SUMMARY [Hudud Law being applied in Terengganu, Malaysia]  [1]   As being shown in the article itself, Hudud Bill was being drafted by the Terengganu State Government and it constitutes a gross violation of the principles of justice and equality in Islam. Its being said that under this Hudud Bill, women who reported to been raped if being unable to provide evidence for the said statement, will be charged for slanderous accusation and 80 lashes; an unmarried woman who gets pregnant is assumed to have committed zina,  [2]  even if she has been raped; also a women cannot be taken as a witness for a case. The question arise here would be, how is this constitutional in the eyes of the law? In Malaysia we have a supreme law which is the Federal Constitution (FC) and under the FC, it provides equality section which made all persons equal before the law and entitle to an equal protection of law. The Hudud however, contradicts with the provision of the FC as it mentioned no discrimination shall occur in favor of any person under Art.8 of the FC  [3]à ‚  . It is important to note that all criticisms of Islam and its defense mainly rotate around its approach to women rights. Theres many criticism as to why Hudud shouldnt be applied in Malaysia, but the criticism is primarily focused on the stringent requirements of four reputable witnesses for offences such as adultery and qazaf  [4]  which according to them makes conviction for the abovecrime almost impossible.The evidence that could support the charge of adultery are the confession of either orboth the accused persons and/or eyewitness testimony made by four males, who are of justifiable and credible character. Anything else is merely circumstantial evidence and not admissible in a hadd prosecution.  [5]  Going back to the article itself again, question to be asked would be whether it would be unjust for the law to come out with a punishment of flogging 80 lashes if a clear proof of the rape committed couldnt be shown? The answer itself, lies under Art.8 of the FC as in the ca se of PP v DatukHarun bin Haji Idris  [6]  , where Suffian LP laid down the principle stating that if a law itself is discriminatory, one should see whether it falls within the exceptions allowed by the FC and if its not, it cant be said as a good law. As the situation laid down here, if we insist to apply Hudud into the Malaysian Legal System, even to the non-Muslim, it would definitely be unjust and contradicts with our Constitution as it is not obeying the provisions laid under Art.8 of the FC, which the equality of all before the law. Tun Dr. Mahathir, our ex-PM commented at the Hududs condition on rape offence, whereby four witnesses are required to convict a perpetrator, that today we have the modern equivalent tool of DNA. You can collect evidence of rape through collecting DNA samples and compare them with the offender.In Islam, the most important thing is justice. When you judge, you must make sure justice has been served. If you judge knowing clearly that this is unjust, then I think it is un-Islamic, he said.  [7]  And not to forget, Art.11 of the FC is interpreted itself to mean freedom of religion and therefore it is supposed to be a guarantee against prosecution on the basis of choice of religion thats being propagated. As for the effect of the Hudud on the gender relations if its being applied in Malaysia, there are many provisions in the Hudud discriminate against women. Women will not be accepted as witnesses and women are also most likely to be prosecuted for slander if they are not able to prove rape, which contradicts which our current provision of the Constitution. While in cases of adultery women which becomes pregnant will immediately be charged for the offence while it will be impossible to charge the male partner because of the requirement of four male Muslim witnesses. Evidence for rape is ocular evidence of four adult male witnesses or confession of the accused. The victims own statement has no testimonial value. Even if medical examination is taken and a sexual act has been proved to have taken place, the accused can still be acquitted. The woman is then convicted of zina. The onus is upon the victim to prove that she was not a consenting party to her rape. Even minors can be convicted of zina, unlike what is provided in the existing penal code, where consent of a minor is immaterial and statutory rape is applicable. All of these will then be causing gender discrimination in our country and the equality provision under the Constitution will therefore become unreliable under the provision of the Hudud if being applied here, in our country. ARTICLES SUMMARY [Hudud Law being applied in Saudi Arabia] Traditional Islamic law has become the basis for criminal law systems in Islamic countries. The most notable example of this is Saudi Arabia, where the Quran and Sunnah form the basis for the government and the legal system. Political Background Article 1 of the Constitution states that: The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a sovereign Arab Islamic state with Islam as its religion; Gods Book and the Sunnah of His Prophet, Gods prayers and peace be upon him, are its constitution, Arabic is its language and Riyadh is its capital  [8]   The legal system is, therefore, based on the divine revelation, rather than judicial decisions or written law. Article 38 of the Saudi Constitution sets forth that : (i)There shall be no crime or penalty except in accordance with a Shariah or organizational law. (ii)There shall be no punishment except for acts committed subsequent to the coming into force of the organizational law. This indicates that crimes and their penalties must be specifically set forth before punishments may be imposed. The Saudi Constitution also provides that the state protects human rights in accordance with the Islamic Shariah  [9]  . Legal System Saudi Arabian courts follow the Hanbali school. A judge in Saudi Arabia is called a qadi and must be trained as a scholar and a great follower of Islam  [10]  . There are three levels of courts. Mustajalah courts are the local courts and do not have jurisdiction over any case that could result in death. The High Courts of Sharia Law, or kubra, have jurisdiction over hudud and qisas crimes. Although usually only one qadi sits on each court, the hearing of a crime that would result in execution is heard by a panel of three judges. The three qadi conduct the investigation, examine witnesses, and issue a verdict. A defendant sentenced to death in a kubra court has a right of appeal to the Court of Cassation, and the case is heard by a five-qadi panel. During this review, the court does not examine the law or facts, but merely ensures that the judge has paid sufficient attention to the point of objection  [11]  . The Supreme Judicial Council reviews all death penalty cases. The Ki ng has final review. For death penalty cases for hudud crimes, the only review is of guilt; the penalty cannot be changed  [12]  . Population Saudi Arabia is the largest Muslim country of the world. It has an estimated population of 28 million. Saudi Arabia is a Kingdom and about 8 million people are migrants from different countries of the world. Saudi Arabia is the center of Muslims as the mousoleum of Holy Prophet Mohammed (PBUH) is in this country. According to The Future of the Global Muslim Population by Pew Research Center  [13]  , Saudi Arabia have about 25,493,000 estimated number of muslims population in 2010, which brings to approximately 97.1% of its citizen is a muslim. Thats about 1.6% of the muslim population as a whole. Educational System According to Robert Sedgwick  [14]  , education in Saudi Arabia is segregated by sex and divided into three separately administered systems: general education for boys, education for girls and traditional Islamic education (for boys). The religious secondary school curriculum includes the general academic secondary school curriculum but focuses primarily on Islamic and Arabic studies. Where memorization of the Quran, interpretation and understanding of the Quran (Tafsir) are stressed. Newspaper review ANALYSIS BETWEEN MALAYSIA AND SAUDI ARABIA Well it come to our understanding, on the paper based on its facts, analysis and others, we might able to implement this kind of law to both in Malaysia. But the question arose, whether when the government tries to implement this kind of law to both, would It be a total satisfaction to all who professing other religions? Indeed based on the analysis in Saudi Arabia country, it much obvious to see, hudud and syariah law, have well indeed, governed its government and society, whether in education, society, politics and legal system. But it come to much argument though, well if it is to be look upon the society of Saudi Arabia itself, Saudi Arabia is the largest Muslim country of the world. It has an estimated population of 28 millionapproximately 97.1% of its citizen, is a muslim. Thats about 1.6% of the muslims population as a whole. Differently in Malaysia which consist a multi-race society, which professing other religion instead of Islam itself. It would be easy to implement to Saudi Arabia, where its citizens, almost 97% professing the religion of Islam, while in Malaysia at least 30% of its citizens, professing the religion of Islam. Further to be illustrated that, as to be seen in respect of Education matters in Saudi Arabia, the government itself have well emphasized the society with primarily on Islamic and Arabic studies where the government of Saudi Arabia divided the system of education, into three parts which is education for boys, education for girls and traditional Islamic education (for boys), since their childhood. Differently, in Malaysia, it seems that the government itself does not really emphasizes the teaching of Islam (like fardhu ain) to the citizens, where the general education are ought to be champ. To be concluded, if one argument arose that the hudud law are ought to be implemented in Malaysia, first aspect to be considered is, the government of Malaysia itself may need to take a reconsideration to send a few people of ulama to have an emphasize knowledge of hudud and syariah law in any other Islamic country for example Saudi Arabia. As far to be concern, Malaysia have none who is really have such a perfect detail knowledge of any arguments pertaining to hudud law itself. Differently in Saudi Arabia, it would be easy to implement hududlaw there, as to the reason, there is many ulama who are far concerned, well learned of the syariah and hudud law themselves. THE DIFFICULTIES AND CHALLENGES ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE HUDUD LAW IN MALAYSIA. Crux of hudud controversy, is the fact that both sides do not understand democracy and do not respect the democratic right of someone to support or oppose what they feel they want to support or oppose. Being a citizen of a democratic country, every citizen has a democratic right to drea about the Hudud and to support it, also to have nightmares about Hudud and oppose it. The implementation of hudud law (or any law for that matter) in Malaysia remains a possibility under democracy. It is not yet implemented because the majority of Malaysians including the Muslims themselves for some reason do not want it. They are simply practicing their democratic right by not giving it their consent.  [15]   Seen from a broader perspective hudud is not actually the real problem. It is just a form of punishment for a number of crimes mentioned in the Quran. Only criminals and criminals want-to-be, we might say, should be afraid of it. A proper Muslim would never reject hudud per se because he knows that it is a part of Islamic Law and it is a part of Islam. But a proper Muslim also would not allow people who are incompetent to use hudud as their rhetoric just to get into power because they are going to create bigger disaster. Hudud and Islamic law will not appear good and convincing in the hands of those who do not possess adequate moral and intellectual integrity. Hence, this is a matter of giving the trust to the rightful people. Implementing hudud is a big trust and it should not be given to just anybody. If the ability is not yet there, the real responsibility of the Muslims is to get themselves equipped with what it takes to carry out that responsibility.  [16]   So the real problem is the Muslims themselves who are, as a whole, no longer good Muslims in term of their understanding and practice of Islam so that they are not capable of carrying out their duties and responsibilities as it should be. As such, and as a matter of priority, what they really need today is a proper education that will make them be a good Muslims morally and intellectually. It is true that the criminals among them need to be punished according to Islamic law but that is not going to happen anyway if the majority do not believe in Islamic law or have no confidence in those who want to implement it. So now, the crux of the matter is actually education, only a properly educated human being will be able to use his democratic right wisely. When we talk about the education, the emphasis is on the individuals, not the society, and what matters most is ethics and morality instead of politics and law. Islamic law and political system cannot be conceived nor practiced outside the framework of Islamic ethics and morality because justice actually begins with the self. Even divine law cannot bring justice to the society if it is left in the hand of incompetent and corrupt individuals. A corrupt government can be brought down through the ballot box but it does not guarantee that the new government will be better that the previous one. True reform must ultimately come from a gradual process of education that is properly conceived and implemented. Our politicians, unfortunately, are not really interested in education. Perhaps, due to being poorly educated themselves, they do not see anything greater and more important than power. They think only with power and kind of reform can be done, hence their first concern over anything else is to get into power.  [17]   Besides that, the Malaysian Bar, stated that the Hudud cannot be implemented within the current constitutional and legislative framework. This is because, the law, as it stands, does not allow for the implementation of hudud by the States.   The Federal Constitution only allows the States to enact laws creating offences by persons professing the religion of Islam, against the precepts of Islam, and the respective punishments for such offences. With respect to the nature of such offences, these offences cannot include matters within the legislative powers of the Federal Government.   Therefore, there can be no replication of any of the offences within any Federal law with a different degree of punishment only for Muslims. Further, these laws, if enacted, must themselves be consistent with fundamental liberties guaranteed to all citizens, including Muslims, under Part II of the Federal Constitution. As to the scope of the punishments for offences against the precepts of Islam, the extent must be conferred by Federal law. The Syariah Courts (Criminal Jurisdiction) Act 1965 provides that the Syariah Courts in all States shall not exercise jurisdiction in respect of any offence punishable with imprisonment for a term exceeding six strokes or with any fine exceeding five thousands ringgit or with whipping exceeding six strokes or with any combination thereof. Hence, the penalties that Syariah Courts can mete out are clearly circumscribed, and do not inclu

Fuel Cells as an Attempt of a Capitalist Technological Fix. :: Science Energy Papers

Fuel Cells as an Attempt of a Capitalist Technological Fix One of the main variables used when measuring the ecological impact of a given society, populous, or nation is the variable of technology. Currently, in a world rightfully beseeched with an uncomfortable mix caution and fear of potential future ecological catastrophe, alternative energy sources are being discussed, researched and developed in many advanced industrialized nations as potential ways to technologically postpone or perhaps even fix a major impending crisis of global Capitalism. Prospects of continuing our current energy system for any long term or sustainable amount of time look to be non-existent since it is based largely on non-renewable fossil fuels that will run out sometime in the next century or so, and as they do, it will be necessary for humans to shift to something for a main source of energy (Harper 2001: 243). Possibilities include solar energy, wind power, increased use of hydroelectric power, and, as this paper will focus on, new technologies such as fuel cel ls. Fuel cells can be technically defined as: "basically a simple device, consisting of two electrodes (anode and cathode) that sandwich an electrolyte (a specialized polymer or other material that allows ions to pass but blocks electrons). A fuel containing hydrogen flows to the anode where the hydrogen electrons are freed, leaving positively charged ions. The electrons travel through an external circuit while the ions diffuse through the electrolyte. At the cathode, the electrons combine with the hydrogen ion and oxygen to form water." (Retseck 1999: ??) In other words, electricity is made by combining hydrogen (contained within the fuel source) with oxygen from outside air. The main two by-products of this process are heat and water (Motavalli 2000: 55), although some models also produce carbon dioxide (Climate 1999: 3). Usually, heat is lost, which leads to great losses in efficiency (Motavalli 2000: 55). However, with the properly designed fuel cell, the majority of heat can be captured and reused, creating a double gain in efficiency, in that less energy is lost due to heat, and less energy is needed as the initial energy is partially reused (ibid). Environmentally speaking, this offers many great advantages over other fuel systems, namely, the internal combustion engine that is currently used in automobiles in America. Primarily, fuel cells will not produce nearly as many pollutants. Water is the main waste product, which does no harm to the atmosphere when given off.

Review Literary Terms, Eng 125 Essay

Imagination is the power to create. It is the key component to literature. Without imagination, there won’t be an interesting story, I believe. Imagination is not only important to the writer, it helps the reader broaden their interpretation of the story. â€Å"When you allow reading to unlock your imagination, your connection sets the stage for intellectual engagement. It allows the experience of reading literature to include the pursuit of ideas and knowledge. † (Clugston, R. W 2010). With imagination comes genre. Choosing what category or type of literature. It can be a short story, poem, or drama. â€Å"It can be used to make broad distinctions or to identify specific categories within a broad category. The short story and the novel, for example, are specific literary genres within the broad category of fiction. â€Å"(Clugston, R. W. 2010). I think another very important component to literature is the tone. Setting the tone will let the reader know what attitude the literary work is going. For example, â€Å"the final lines in Updike’s poem create an initial feeling of sympathy, which is likely to become empathy if the reader reflects on the dog’s predicament in not being able to communicate its final struggle. † (Clugston, R. W 2010). Tone is followed by image. Image represents the experience that go through your senses, the idea. Writers use specific language to describe the imagery. Again, in Frost’s and Updike’s poems about the dog, â€Å"In Frost’s image of an old dog there’s an initial feeling of sadness, but if the reader reflects on what the poem has to say about the inevitable life cycle that both the dog and the speaker face, sadness is likely to fade somewhat into acceptance. † Reference Clugston, R. W. (2010). Journey into literature. San Diego, California: Bridgepoint Education, Inc.

What Exactly Is the ACT Aspire Why Should You Care

What Exactly Is the ACT Aspire Why Should You Care SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips In 2014, ACT Inc. replaced the ACT Plan – a pre-test very similar to the ACT – with the ACT Aspire. Aspire has a very different format, age range, and goals than either the ACT Plan or the regular ACT. So why did the ACT release a new test, and how can it help you prepare for the ACT? We will explore what makes Aspire unique and what you can expect from it. History: The ACT Plan Before ACT Aspire, ACT offered the Plan. The Plan was a straightforward ACT practice test designed for 10th graders. It tested the same subject areas as the ACT and used the same format: a paper and pencil multiple-choice test. The Plan was seen as the ACT’s version of the PSAT. (The PSAT is the SAT’s practice test.) However, unlike the PSAT, the Plan did not enter you into a scholarship competition. It was just a test to let 10th graders (and their schools) know if they were on track to meet college readiness benchmarks and do well on the ACT. The ACT also offered the Explore, a test with the same format but less difficult content, meant to show middle school students if they were on track for high school. The Plan was scored between 1 and 32, while the ACT is scored between 1 and 36. As such, the Plan predicted an ACT score between 1 and 5 points higher than a Plan score. For example, a Plan score of 32 predicted an ACT score between 33 and 36. However, in 2014, ACT discontinued both the Plan and Explore and replaced them with the ACT Aspire. ACT Aspire also predicts an ACT score, but its format and scoring are very different, and it has much broader goals. Why Did ACT Create the Aspire? ACT is hoping the Aspire will become a widely-used test not just for ACT practice, but to assess Common Core standards. The Common Core is a new series of education standards being adopted by many states in the US. The standards are supposed to be more rooted in critical and creative thinking, so they are less straightforward than the old standards. As an example, an old Algebra standard for linear equations could be something like this: â€Å"Interpret the equation y = mx + b as defining a linear function, whose graph is a straight line.† The Common Core expects students to â€Å"Distinguish between situations that can be modeled with linear functions and with exponential functions† and to â€Å"Prove that linear functions grow by equal differences over equal intervals, and that exponential functions grow by equal factors over equal intervals.† In other words, the content is the same, but the expectations and methods are different. Since the Common Core has a different approach, it also requires different standardized tests to monitor student progress. This is where ACT hopes the Aspire will come in. (The PARCC and Smarter Balanced are other examples of tests being offered for the same purpose.) Because of this, the ACT Aspire isn’t just a 10th grade test – it is designed to be given every year starting in 3rd grade all the way through 10th grade, so it can assess student growth from year to year. In that sense, Aspire is a much larger and more ambitious undertaking than the Plan or Explore. The goal of Aspire is to identify learning gaps early on to help students stay on track for college readiness, while also preparing students for the content on the ACT. To do that, Aspire will also track college readiness using the ACT’s benchmarks. What Is the Aspire Like? The Aspire has five sections that align with the ACT Plus Writing subject areas: Reading, English, Math, Science, and Writing. (The Plan did not include a writing section.) However, unlike the ACT, Aspire includes a wide variety of question types. Aspire questions can be multiple choice, short answer, or long answer (including essays and narratives). The questions also make students rearrange lists, correct math problems, or pick multiple answers from a set of choices. So even though the content is similar to the ACT's, the Aspire as a test is quite different. As an example, here are two short answer questions featured on a sample Aspire test: A short-answer reading question. A short-answer math question. Via ACT Aspire. If you want to see more sample questions for yourself, go to this website and enter the login information for the test section and grade level you're interested in. Note that the Aspire is a timed test, like the ACT. Aspire can be offered either on computers or on paper. The paper option is more expensive, so it’s likely many students will end up taking it on the computer. This is also different than the ACT, which is a paper-and-pencil bubble test. How Is Aspire Scored? The Aspire does not use an ACT-like scale the way the Plan did. Instead, the Aspire assigns scores between 400and 460 for each subject. The score ranges are tied to grade levels, with an expected increase for each grade. When you get a score report, it will include your score, how you compare to others in your grade, your strengths, and where you can still improve. The ACT still uses those scores to predict future ACT scores, based on when you took the test. For example, they would predict a higher future ACT score if an 8th grader earned a 410 versus a 10th grader, since an 8th grader has more time to learn and improve. However, the prediction is less straightforward than just adding a few ACT composite points. Furthermore, since the Aspire is so different, the prediction is not at all set in stone. (See our Aspire to ACT Score Predictions article for more on Aspire scoring and ACT predictions.) What's a Good Aspire Score? What score should you be aiming for on the Aspire?ACT has provided low, high, and benchmark scores for each of the five subjects tested in grades 3 through 10. Benchmark scores are what you need to reach to be considered "on track", a low score is below average, and a high score is above average. You can use this chart to figure out how well you/your child is scoring on the Aspire or to set goal scores for the next exam. Grade Tested Subject Low Score High Score Benchmark 3 English 400 435 413 3 Reading 400 429 415 3 Math 400 434 413 3 Science 400 433 418 3 Writing 408 440 428 4 English 400 438 417 4 Reading 400 431 417 4 Math 400 440 416 4 Science 400 436 420 4 Writing 408 440 428 5 English 400 442 419 5 Reading 400 434 420 5 Math 400 446 418 5 Science 400 438 422 5 Writing 408 440 428 6 English 400 448 420 6 Reading 400 436 421 6 Math 400 451 420 6 Science 400 440 423 6 Writing 408 448 428 7 English 400 450 421 7 Reading 400 438 423 7 Math 400 453 422 7 Science 400 443 425 7 Writing 408 448 428 8 English 400 452 422 8 Reading 400 440 424 8 Math 400 456 425 8 Science 400 446 427 8 Writing 408 448 428 9 English 400 456 426 9 Reading 400 442 425 9 Math 400 460 428 9 Science 400 449 430 9 Writing 408 448 428 10 English 400 456 428 10 Reading 400 442 428 10 Math 400 460 432 10 Science 400 449 432 10 Writing 408 448 428 Will Aspire Help You Prepare for the ACT? Since Aspire is given over several years and uses different question types, you may be wondering how it will help you prepare for the ACT, which is mostly multiple-choice and usually taken by 11th and 12th graders. The main way Aspire will help you prepare for the ACT is by testing the same content, with the same benchmarks. Aspire will show you if you are learning enough, content-wise, to do well on the ACT. Aspire will also give you more time to improve for the ACT. For example, if you learn as a sixth grader that your math scores are lower than your peers’ scores, you have five years to improve your math skills before taking the ACT. If you learned that from the Plan, you would have only had one year to study and improve. That said, the actual ACT’s format is quite different from Aspire – all multiple-choice unless you take the ACT Plus Writing – and has more intense pacing. Getting a great score on the ACT requires good pacing and multiple-choice test strategy as well as knowing the content. The Aspire will help you learn content, but it won’t help you prepare for the ACT’s format. Since the ACT’s format is different, you will have to put in some time to study for the ACT outside of class, even if you take Aspire every year from 3rd grade onward. Even if Aspire predicts you will get an excellent ACT score, you can’t just walk into the ACT without studying and expect a 36. Bottom Line: ACT Aspire Although you might hear about students studying for the PSAT to qualify for scholarships, don’t stress about the ACT Aspire – it will give your school data on your progress, but it won’t be used in college admissions or scholarship competitions. Just look at it as another way to gauge your progress as you approach college. Also, as we explore in our score predictions article, the Aspire is not an absolute predictor of your ACT score. If you’re wondering how you’ll do on the actual ACT, it might be more efficient to just take a practice test. And don’t worry too much even if Aspire predicts a low score – with smart studying, you can beat the prediction easily. What’s Next? We recommend beginning your ACT studying early. Getting a good score can really improve your college admissions chances! Get an ACT study plan if you have a year or more to study. Need to prep for the ACT, ASAP? Get an intensive 10-day study plan. Considering taking the SAT instead? Learn which test is easier, and which one you will do best on. Want to learn more about the PSAT and how it qualifies you for the National Merit Competition? Check out our guide. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep program. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our program is entirely online, and it customizes your prep program to your strengths and weaknesses. We also have expert instructors who can grade every one of your practice ACT essays, giving feedback on how to improve your score. Check out our 5-day free trial:

Free Essays on The Prince 1-4

Chapters 1 and 2 Chapter I: The Various Kinds of Government, and the Ways By Which They Are Established. Machiavelli begins The Prince with a crucial distinction of political categories. There are, he writes, only two ways in which a state can be organized: as a republic, or as a monarchy. After making this distinction, Machiavelli immediately, without a pause or comment, simply drops the discussion of the â€Å"republic.† This doesn’t mean that Machiavelli doesn’t like republics republics, after all, are the subject of his other major work of political theory, The Discourses. Rather than accuse Machiavelli of anti-democratic bias, we should note that in this particular book, which meant to describe the proper conduct of a prince, any discussion of princeless republics would be entirely irrelevant. After bracketing the idea of a republic, then, Machiavelli moves on to divide the category of â€Å"monarchy† into further sub-categories. Monarchies, he writes, can be either hereditary and governed by the same family for generations, or recently founded. Again, Machiavelli follows one division with another. Leaving aside hereditary monarchies for the moment, he distinguishes two different kinds of recently founded monarchies – those which are entirely new, and those which are new annexations of territory added onto pre-existing hereditary monarchies. As we might expect, within this latter category (the annexed state), there are also two subcategories: Machiavelli points out that some annexed states were previously subject to another ruler, and some were formerly free. And finally, there is yet another kind of subcategory within annexed states: those which were conquered by a prince in war, and those which simply fall to him through luck or skill. Chapter II: Of Hereditary Monarchies This chapter begins with Machiavelli’s apology for not discussing republics in this book – in what seems to be ... Free Essays on The Prince 1-4 Free Essays on The Prince 1-4 Chapters 1 and 2 Chapter I: The Various Kinds of Government, and the Ways By Which They Are Established. Machiavelli begins The Prince with a crucial distinction of political categories. There are, he writes, only two ways in which a state can be organized: as a republic, or as a monarchy. After making this distinction, Machiavelli immediately, without a pause or comment, simply drops the discussion of the â€Å"republic.† This doesn’t mean that Machiavelli doesn’t like republics republics, after all, are the subject of his other major work of political theory, The Discourses. Rather than accuse Machiavelli of anti-democratic bias, we should note that in this particular book, which meant to describe the proper conduct of a prince, any discussion of princeless republics would be entirely irrelevant. After bracketing the idea of a republic, then, Machiavelli moves on to divide the category of â€Å"monarchy† into further sub-categories. Monarchies, he writes, can be either hereditary and governed by the same family for generations, or recently founded. Again, Machiavelli follows one division with another. Leaving aside hereditary monarchies for the moment, he distinguishes two different kinds of recently founded monarchies – those which are entirely new, and those which are new annexations of territory added onto pre-existing hereditary monarchies. As we might expect, within this latter category (the annexed state), there are also two subcategories: Machiavelli points out that some annexed states were previously subject to another ruler, and some were formerly free. And finally, there is yet another kind of subcategory within annexed states: those which were conquered by a prince in war, and those which simply fall to him through luck or skill. Chapter II: Of Hereditary Monarchies This chapter begins with Machiavelli’s apology for not discussing republics in this book – in what seems to be ...

None Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 4

None - Essay Example We decided to focus our attention on Pumkin’ Chunkin’ where helped festivalgoers in making of scarecrows. Jordan facilitated the group spot the project, playing a very pivotal royal as the group leader. Later on, Ashley served the group in seeing the objectives of the group were achieved. The goals never ambiguous, we knew what we were supposed to do at every stage of the team’s activity. Despite Faisal’s personality being a reserved one, teamwork prevailed with every member clearly focused on the activities we were to engage with and made appropriate contributions. Meeting together to brainstorm made us reflect on the goals of the group, an aspect that helped the group to keep evaluating the goals we focused to accomplish. The specificity of the goals made it easier to achieve them. At all instances the group worked to avoid confusion and ambiguity. Our goals were measurable and quite realistic. The group achieved the goal of coming up with two ideas for the service project. Jordan presented the idea of having our service project at Pumkin’ Chunkin’, this was the idea that came up for the team and members unanimously embraced the idea. Further, the meetings were held as scheduled, members never felt overwhelmed. An analysis of the service was seen to be an idea that could be accomplished within the given period. All members were actively engaged in the activities of the group. At no point did we go overboard, we did exactly what we could afford. This was in an effort to be as realistic as possible. We not only kept encouraging each other but also realistically expressed individual weaknesses that every person was obliged to work on. This helped us keep focused on our goals more as the group bonding was more evident. The timing of our group activities was well executed. Our focus to finish was to finish the service project before the second week of October, sure enough, the timing was achieved and the team was glad to h ave finalised the step. This was a product of proper planning and commitment by individual members. The service project also presented an opportunity to engage in the making of scarecrows together. An aspect that made us utilise our every moment diligently. It was also evident that the goals we set were all attainable. We never went overboard to engage in extremely tasking activities that would overwhelm us, but we chose to engage in mild but consistent activities. Engaging in making scarecrows for party goers present the best opportunity for us to interact with each other as well interact with other people. This not only made us to learn much about each other but also made us enhance our social space. Through the service period, Ashley led us in the best way possible despite not having elected her formally to be in charge of us. As a team engaging in similar and an interesting activity, synergy was evident. We never found the difficulty in doing the scarecrows, having the meetings and the discussions. Our simple weaknesses were being complemented by each other. The teamwork and the encouragement we had kept us going. The synergy was evident in the way we kept assisting each other in making scarecrows. Section 3: Conclusons Working in a team presents diversity of thought and character that is signification in enhancing efficiency and effectiveness in executing an activity.

Social Welfare, History, Values and Beliefs Essay

Social Welfare, History, Values and Beliefs - Essay Example From the essay it is clear that  the present day American culture began from as early as the past 10,000 years, upon the arrival of the Paleo-Indian from Europe, Oceania and Asia to establish the current United States. America is an ethically and racially diverse society with unique music, cultural, folklore and social practices. The great diversity of the United States is attributable to the massive immigration of people from different parts of the world during the historic period. Europeans including Irish, English, Scotts and Welsh bear great responsibility for influencing the initial shape of the American society. British in particular had greatest impact on American culture due to their close colonial links that fostered widespread use of the English language, use of British legal systems and adoption of general British cultural practices.According to the report findings  American culture is a collection of various elements that include liberal and conservatism ideologies, s cientific and religious competitiveness, materialism and morality as well as free expression. Besides the influences of consistent principles and ideologies, American culture is also awash with evolved indigenous Latin, Asian and African-American cultures. The seeming neutral nature of the American culture is an indication of integration of many cultures whose compatibility mostly depends on political ideologies, social class and various demographic factors.

What are the key characteristics of a social movement Use examples to Essay

What are the key characteristics of a social movement Use examples to explain any theoretical concepts you use - Essay Example Various social movements have different motivation for their actions, depending on their surrounding social, economic, and political environments. However, there are some key features that are common or at least applicable to most of them. My essay seeks to identify these key features as well as cite a few examples to explain the various theoretical concepts within the dynamics of a social movement. There are different types of social movements which have been identified by sociologists all over the world. These types are categorized depending on their scope; the type of change they advocate for or bring; their target groups; and how they operate. Considering scope, we can classify social movement as a reform or radical. A radical social movement aims to change certain value systems in a fundamental way. A good example of such a movement is the American Civil Rights Movement whose main aim was to fight for maximum civil rights for all Americans irrespective of the race they belonged to. There is also South Africa’s Shack Dwellers Movement, popularly known as ‘Abahali baseMjondolo,’ which fights for shack dwellers’ place in the city life. Reform social movement, on the other hand, works to change some norms and laws. Trade unions and green belt movements fall under this category (Ballard, et al., 2005, p622, Kendall, 2011, p. 540). A social movement may also be categorized depending on the type of change it intends to make. Under this we have innovation movement which aims to introduce or amend a given value. For instance, we have singularitarianism movement which fights for safety of technological singularity. We also have the conservative movement concerned with the preservation of current values and norms. A good example is the current movement against the introduction of genetically modified organisms. In addition, social movement may

My Dream Job Essay Example for Free

My Dream Job Essay Everyone has a dream. I too dream of a job that will make me child’s dream comes true. My grandfather and father both traditional Chinese physician. They have excellent medical skill and lofty medical ethic. In China, The doctor is called ‘angles in white’, People respect them. I used to get sick in my childhood. My father always can cure my disease by traditional Chinese medical. I think everything like a magic. I feel so amazing. I adore my father, so when I was a child, I want to be a traditional Chinese physician. And then the dream is not changed. History By learning about more knowledge, I know Traditional Chinese medicine has a history of several years. It is one of Chinese splendid cultural heritages. It is the science dealing with human physiology, pathology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases. During several thousand years it has made great contributions to the promotion of health, the proliferation and prosperity of the Chinese nation, and the enrichment and development of world medicine as well. pic] Li Shizhen, one of the famous physicians in the Chinese history. He is very important for the traditional Chinese medical’ develop. He makes people start attention it. He wrote too many books that about how to use the tradition skill to cure the sickness to save the patient. [pic] ‘Ben Cao Gang Mu’ is the most famous of traditional Chinese medical books by Li Shizhen wro te. The book consists of 52 volumes with 1,892 medicinal herbs, including over 10,000 prescriptions and 1,000 illustrations of medicinal items. It is a great contribution to the development of pharmacology both in China and all over the world. Methods of treatment †¢ Diagnose skills †¢ Chinese massage †¢ Acupuncture †¢ Chinese herbs ? Diagnose skills [pic] There is a combined use of the four diagnostic methods among herbalist doctors: observe, hear and smell, ask about background and touching After the four steps, the doctor can know patient’s illness. Then treatment was deferred pending further diagnosis. ? Chinese massage [pic] Chinese massage is known as Tui Na, uses wave-like motions to loosen joints and nourish muscles. Bring awareness back to a person’s body and making it a first step in the healing process. Stimulate the flow of Qi, blood and body fluids can be used to treat pain, stress or digestion problem. The masseur can give you an all-over massage and focus on specific areas with pain or do a treatment on the affected area. So tradition Chinese medical can use our life. Chinese massage need skilled technological and more experiences. So I should constant practice. ? Acupuncture Acupuncture is both One of the oldest forms of Chinese Medicine. It as same as massage are both important. Acupuncture involves the stimulation of anatomical points on the body with thin needled. Needles are placed at â€Å"Yin/Yang Meridian points†. Contrary to what you might think, acupuncture patients usually feel little to no pain, because acupuncture needles are hair-thin and are manipulated either by hand or electricity. [pic] ? Chinese herbs Except for use these skills, tradition Chinese physician also need know Chinese herbs purposes. Herbs are a vital part of Chinese healing. Chinese herbs have many kinds. Differentiate into many species. Each ingredient has unique characteristics. The ingredients work in harmony to help a person’s body. Herbs can help boost Qi and balance Yin/Yang. [pic] Advantage †¢ Whatever traditional Chinese physician or other doctors, they have many same effects. They like an angel who brings patients from illness to happiness and give the hope to the patients to live on. They may let these experiences personally the human which the indisposition suffers to get rid of the pain and they saved many people’s lives during their work. †¢ Traditional Chinese physician not only can help patients take away the pain, but also help people keep in good health by some traditional methods. For example: Chinese food therapy is good for our health, and it can use to our daily life, for food and drink. Certain foods and herbs are prescribed to restore balance to the body. Combining Qigong with exercise is a good choice, because it regulates the mind and breathing to promote the flow of Qi. It can make our sound in body and mind. [pic] [pic] †¢ Traditional Chinese medicine contains thousands of year people’s wisdom. It is only belong to Chinese unique culture. †¢ And Chinese herbs are from nature, without adding any chemicals. So the herbs don’t have bad effect for health. Tradition Chinese medicine is an abstract subject. It has many different skills. The effects of different, but they are the same important. So I know that if I want to be a good tradition Chinese physician, I need spend many energy and time to master different knowledge and learn how to become a good doctor. I will try do my best that make dream come true.